Application is where the the sending process begins and receiving process ends in the TCP/IP model. It responsible for high-level communication and exchange allows user-level applications to interact with applications on different devices across a network.
DNS resolution
The network applications, including web browsers, email clients, and other software, interact with the DNS protocol to resolve domain names to the IP addresses. (more details on Domain Name System (DNS))
Application layer protocol
The application layer is home to a wide range of high-level communication protocols, each designed for specific tasks or applications.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Used for web browsing and transmitting web pages and related data. (more details on Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP))
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Used for sending and receiving email. (more details on Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP))
Back to parent node: Internet Protocol Suite