Network services often have many layers where a whole network process is divided into various smaller sub-tasks. These sub-tasks are then assigned to a specific layer to perform only the dedicated task. These layers work together in a coordinated manner to allow network data to be processed and transmitted. In side those sub-tasks, message is carried inside another message, which is carried inside another (recursively), refers to the practice of encapsulating data within multiple levels of communication as it ravels through a network.
Networking scenario
In a complex network, data packets may traverse multiple network devices or “hops” before reaching its destination. Each hop represents a different network layer. At each hop, the data packets are encapsulated within a new lower-level network message or frame (e.g. Ethernet frame) that is suitable for the technology used at that particular hop. This encapsulation allows data to be transmitted across different types of network technologies such as ethernet, Wi-Fi, or optical networks, as it moves through the network.
This illustrates the layering in computer networks, each layer of the network (e.g. OSI model or TCP/IP model) is responsible for specific functions, and data is passed between these layers as it traverse the network.
Application of layered architecture
Layered architecture is a conceptual framework that divide networking functionality into distinct layers.
Network model
A model designed to standardise computer networking
There are two models that make use of layered architecture:
- OSI Model
- IP Model
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